Pressure, Apprehension and Hope as Mumbai Slum Dwellers Face the Bulldozers
Across several weeks, coercive communications continued. Originally, supposedly from an ex-law enforcement official and an ex-military commander, subsequently from law enforcement directly. In the end, a local artisan asserts he was called to the police station and instructed bluntly: keep quiet or face serious consequences.
Shaikh is part of a group opposing a multimillion-dollar project where one of India's largest slums – an iconic Mumbai neighborhood – will be demolished and redeveloped by a large business group.
"The unique ecosystem of Dharavi is unparalleled in the globe," says the resident. "But the plan aims to eradicate our community and prevent our protests."
Dual Worlds
The dank gullies of Dharavi stand in sharp opposition to the soaring skyscrapers and luxury apartments that dominate the area. Homes are assembled randomly and typically lacking adequate facilities, informal businesses emit toxic smoke and the environment is permeated by the suffocating smell of open sewers.
For certain residents, the promise of a renewed Dharavi into a modern district of high-end towers, well-maintained green spaces, contemporary malls and homes with two toilets is a hopeful vision realized.
"We lack adequate medical facilities, roads or drainage and there's nowhere for children to play," explains a tea vendor, fifty-six, who migrated from his home state in that period. "The single option is to demolish everything and construct proper housing."
Resident Opposition
Yet certain residents, like this protester, are opposing the redevelopment.
All recognize that this community, consistently overlooked as informal housing, is desperately requiring investment and development. However they worry that this plan – without community input – could potentially turn premium city property into a playground for the rich, forcing out the marginalized, migrant communities who have been there since the nineteenth century.
These were these shunned, relocated individuals who developed the empty marshland into an extensively researched phenomenon of community resilience and business activity, whose production is worth between one million dollars and $2m a year, making it among the globe's biggest informal economies.
Displacement Concerns
Of the roughly a million inhabitants living in the dense sprawling neighborhood, less than 50% will be able for new homes in the project, which is estimated to take a significant period to finish. Additional residents will be transferred to undeveloped zones and coastal regions on the remote edges of Mumbai, threatening to break up a long-established social network. Certain individuals will be denied homes at all.
People eligible to stay in the neighborhood will be provided flats in tower blocks, a substantial change from the evolved, shared lifestyle of living and working that has supported this area for generations.
Commercial activities from garment work to clay work and material recovery are expected to decrease in quantity and be relocated to a specific "commercial zone" far from homes.
Livelihood Crisis
In the case of Shaikh, a workshop owner and long-time inhabitant to call home the slum, the redevelopment presents a fundamental risk. His informal, multi-level facility produces apparel – sharp blazers, luxury coats, studded bomber jackets – marketed in luxury boutiques in the city's affluent areas and overseas.
Relatives lives in the accommodations downstairs and laborers and tailors – migrants from north India – also sleep there, permitting him to afford their labour. Beyond Dharavi's enclave, housing costs are often 10 times as high for a single room.
Threats and Warning
At the government offices nearby, a visual representation of the redevelopment plan shows a contrasting outlook. Fashionable inhabitants gather on two-wheelers and electric vehicles, acquiring western-style baguettes and breakfast items and enlisting beverages on a patio outside a coffee shop and Ice-Cream. It is a complete departure from the 20-rupee idli sambar morning meal and budget beverage that supports local residents.
"This represents no improvement for us," says the protester. "It's a huge land development that will make it unaffordable for our community to continue."
Additionally, there exists distrust of the business conglomerate. Run by a powerful tycoon – a leading figure and an associate of the national leader – the corporation has encountered allegations of crony capitalism and ethical concerns, which it denies.
Even as the state government calls it a collaborative effort, the corporation paid nearly a billion dollars for its majority share. A case alleging that the redevelopment was unfairly awarded to the corporation is under review in the top court.
Continued Intimidation
Since they began to vocally oppose the redevelopment, protesters and community members assert they have been experienced an extended period of harassment and intimidation – including phone calls, clear intimidation and suggestions that criticizing the project was tantamount to speaking against the country – by people they allege represent the corporate group.
Included in these accused of making intimidations is {a retired police officer|a former law enforcement official|an ex-c